In Adler's Individual Psychology, what does the term 'goal-directed behavior' refer to?

In Adler's Individual Psychology, 'goal-directed behavior' refers to behaviors that are motivated by individuals' aspirations, desires, and future-oriented goals. Adler posited that humans are inherently forward-thinking and that their actions and decisions are guided by an ultimate aim for personal growth, social connection, and the fulfillment of potential. This concept highlights the importance of understanding individuals in the context of their future objectives rather than simply analyzing their past experiences or instinctual drives.

Adler emphasized that the goals individuals strive for significantly shape their behavior and personality. This forward focus empowers people to move beyond their current circumstances or past struggles, encouraging a sense of agency and purpose. Thus, understanding behavior through this lens allows psychologists to appreciate how individuals navigate their lives with a vision for their desired future, making 'goal-directed behavior' a cornerstone of Adler's theory.