According to Gestalt theory, what often causes maladaptive behavior?

Gestalt theory posits that maladaptive behavior often stems from individuals prioritizing their self-image over their authentic self. This perspective emphasizes the importance of self-awareness and personal authenticity while highlighting the conflict that arises when an individual conforms to societal expectations and external pressures at the expense of their true self.

By abandoning one's authentic self for a self-image shaped by societal norms or expectations, individuals may experience feelings of emptiness, anxiety, or disconnection from their genuine feelings and desires. This disconnection can lead to various psychological issues, as the individual struggles to reconcile their true self with the image they project to the world. In Gestalt therapy, the focus is on helping clients reconnect with their authentic selves and become more aware of their present experiences, which ultimately aids in reducing maladaptive behaviors.

The other options might touch upon important aspects of psychological functioning, such as societal conflicts or unresolved issues, but they do not encapsulate the core tenet of Gestalt theory concerning self-image and authenticity in the same way that the correct answer does.